Patrice Riemens on Thu, 24 Jan 2002 10:17:01 +0100 (CET) |
[Date Prev] [Date Next] [Thread Prev] [Thread Next] [Date Index] [Thread Index]
[Nettime-bold] Abstracts in English of the articles in Multitudes #7 |
The French quarterly 'Multitudes' (in French) has the following articles in its december 2001 issue (#7). If you're interested in the content of previous issues, contact me & I'll oblige (or fwd). Multitudes has afficially a site at http://www.samizdat.net/multitudes but it's not very much up yet. .......................... Christian Marazzi: À l'ére de la sécurité sociale mondiale (in the era of global social security) The anti-global movement as the growth of new economies in peripheries contrast the symbolic leadership of American brands. The terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, highly symbolic too, appeared at the very moment when the new economy crisis became obvious. It is not possible to grow up information means too much, because consumers cannot pay them attention enough. But the knowledge produced by multitudes remain in their brain while crisis is around. Antonio Negri Ainsi commenca la chute de l'empire (And so began the fall of the empire) Genoa was the expression of " social workers ", mobile, flexible, poor, intelligent, unpredictable, radical, computers over the shoulder and camera in the fist. One was able to see appearing from this movement of movements something as a religion which assembles on the bottom. In the becoming woman of this multitude avoiding confrontation, so different from "warriors" of formerly, in the strategy of exodus, one can be tried to see the beginning of the decline of the Empire Yann Moulier-Boutang : Apocalypse New-York (whatever ;-) A new disorder appears with the destruction of the WTC, but does it mean the end of the isolationism of the USA, world presence of which has never stopped existing notably under an immaterial shape. Really caesura of September 11 is in thousand civil victims who made ledge world trade: for the terrorime it is necessary that a whole population is afraid for its life. The capitalist antiglobalization developed in very big speed blocking strategic objectives of the capitalism, Theocratic islam aspires now, to mime the power of the Multitudes, also we have to defend a politics of the Multitudes which develops democracy and strengthens the spaces of freedom Roberto Bui alias Wu Ming : Lettre sur les Tute Bianche (A letter about the 'Tute Bianche') Tute Bianche are not a movement but a device of subjectivation working inside vaster movements. Each is free to put or to remove Tuta Bianca. It indicates that he respects the style of it: the refusal of the separation violence /nonviolence, reference to t zapatisme, the relationship of a particular type with the media. Tute Bianche are auto-sarcastic, ironic, rich in invention,. In search of a hegemony of minority cultures, they put in crisis representations, destabilize media.etc. But if since Seattle one can speak about a real movement it is mainly because hundred thousand persons put their body at the risk of the bats, of the eargas, and now , balls. Paolo Virno : Multitudes et principe d'individuation (The multitudes and the principle of individuation) The concept of "multitude" opposes for a long time to that of the "people". The people is a homogeneous unity, whereas the multitude is a network of peculiarities. The individuals who compose the multitude are not nevertheless atoms of one given but the result of a process of individuation. Of what consists this individuation which produces the individual from universal conditions? One can tempt an answer by using Gilbert Simondon's reflections and Russian psychologist L. Vygotskij. With the aid of these authors one will end maybe in a more relevant comprehension of the Marxian concept of " social individual » Alain Joxe : Des guerres asymétriques ? (Asymetric wars?) There are still no strategic consequences of September 11 but causes. Among these, the invention of a genocidal armed attack coming from the inside of the United States , while the system of defence was not ready for this asymmetric war, nevertheless anticipated with geo-strategists. Consequentially, the United States showed themselves not capable to defend themselves against the social and ideological consequences of their absolute superiority and also the world opposition in the effects of the globalization, administered by the United States but also by the European Union. The strategic culture of the United States shows that they do not look in conquest for world, or in appropriation of new territories, but to dominate it economically and culturally. By assuming the leadership of the military intervention the United States offer themselves at the same moment as master of the world and as hirelings for the benefit of the global system of market economy Starhawk : Fascisme à Gênes (Fascism in Genova) Through invasion of the Diaz school, where held the electronic coordination of the demonstrators, and the extravagantly violent treatment of the arrested activists gives evidence of the fact that fascism did not die, and is openly tolerated by the leaders of present states. A police plan fiction, imagined by the author, allows to realize the set of incidents without dissociating the groups some of the others. The author returns so justice to all the multitudes of their common membership of the movement. Luca Casarini , Beppe Caccia : Nous sommes allés à Gênes, nous désertons leur guerre. (We've been in Genova, and we're opting out of their war) Genoa, an extraordinary event. Network of networks, links between differences around shared radical objectives:illegitimacy of G8, civil disobedience etc. The multitudes in open conflict against the power of the Empire were confronted with the global Sovereign, with the bare and rough exercise of the force. But beyond summits and beyond their symbolic reach, the Multitudes are today called to confront with the set of the production and with the expropriation of the social wealth. A jump is necessary: from the civil disobedience to social disobedience. But on September 11 changes the horizon. Manathan it is the end of all the ambiguities and it is the beginning of the Permanent Global War necessary for the reproduction of power in the era of the globalization. Social disobedience has to be then disobedience in a ''War empire', desertion. Entretien avec Michaël Hardt : Nouvelles d'Amérique (Conversation with Michael Hardt: News from America) Michaël Hardt emphasizes the non hierarchical structure, in network, of anti-globalization movements. Having international organizations for target, they have no anti-American character of the movements which preceded them. Since September 11 they are the object of a questioning coming from media because of their political violence. For Michaël Hardt true retort in the terrorism is not the limitation of liberties, but on the contrary the extension of the democracy at a world level. The American military device has beautiful to possess certain monopoly of the technologies of destruction it does not mean that the United States can impose their law, because there is no centre in the world power. The terrorists make a mistake by attacking the United-States as nation. Empire requires quite other shape of politics. Yoshihiko Ichida : Questions d'Empire (Empir/ical/ questions ;-) The attack of September 11 verified M Hardt's and T. Negri's main thesis and by breaking with the politics of nation -state :Empire materializes under our eyes. At the same time however, event leads us to question definitions proposed in their book. It seems that we attend the end of the " small crises " which characterized Empire. And that the current visibility is how a protest against the definition of its essence as " abstract machine ". But the most serious problem is in its "ontological" foundation: the Multitudes. If they are they who support and determine the state of the Empire, are they forced to keep pace with this last one, including when the stability seems shaken? Which is then the line of possible flight for the Multitudes? Toni Negri : Ruptures dans l'Empire, puissance de l'exode (Breakpoints in the Empire, power of exodus) New York constitutes a break of the process of imperial constitution. Multiple crisis which takes three essential forms (military,, currency and communication) it concerns imperial sovereign power. Answer - war wants the constituent shape of the new order. Too much far from any keynesian logic the State intervenes here according to neoliberal authoritarian logic as one of the poles of the report of sovereign power. In front of the Empire and of his copy - terrorism, desertion and exodus are the political laboratory of the multitudes. Anne Querrien : Multitudes en fugues (Fleeing Multitudes) A presentation of some pieces taken from the editorial board electronic discussion about the concept of multitude. Multitude is a virtual social form; it is the networking of differing subjectivities in search about the common, the equal, the life. The multitude is the living as acting. It is a work method the limits of which are those of the present state of globalisation. Eric Alliez : Différence et répétition de Gabriel Tarde (Difference and repetition: Gabriel Tarde) If we begin to sense that Deleuze will have been the first to recognise Gabriel Tarde (1843-1904) as a kind of "precursor" which he explored in his most untimely actuality, the constitutive character of Tarde's inspiration for Deleuze has not been closely studied. It seems, however, as if Deleuze's critique and overcoming of structuralist thought depends upon this reactualisation of Tarde's work. This will allow us to better understand the extended "forgetting" of Tarde, buried for so long under the Durkheimian structural model which has dominated the social and human sciences. . Maurizio Lazzarato :La psychologie économique contre l'Economie politique (Economic Psychology vs Political Economy) Because of his ontology of t force and desire Gabriel Tarde's philosophy constitutes a toolskit to wonder about the contemporary Capitalism. Economic Psychology supposes cooperation autonomous and independent from human beings co-producting by composing their differences. Tarde, indeed, wonder about the conditions of the production of the new which it sees in the " cooperation between brains ": brains act some on the others by desires, faiths and affects. Tarde do the " production of knowledge " the real production of the modern societies, which results in an economy of the traffic, the streams of desire and the faith. Economics is not a theory of the production but a theory of the reproduction Jean-Philippe Antoine : Tarde , commun sensationnel (Tarde, stunningly common (?) Tarde make of the art a plan of invention (and imitation) which leaves of a very wide definition - everything human making - to include meanings of the word more specialized . He does not break only so privilege indû of fine art, but accentuates the capacity of the art, fundamental for the contemporary societies, to socialize very sensations, communicating in a common sensational, the difference of the individuals René Schérer: Tarde, puissances de l' invention (Tarde: the Power of Invention) Commenting "La logique sociale "of Gabriel Tarde, René Schérer demonstrates the striking lines of a thought completely devoted to the idea of invention : intersubjective vision of the social, distinction between creation and reproduction and between invention and a rehearsal which characterizes as much work as capital, power and enjoyment of an invention made by peculiar associations, opening in, and on others and multiplicities, aversion of any binding system. He drows-up a parallel between this not - academic thinker and Charles Fourier's system, to open on the social conceived as a planetary brain Bertrand Ogilvie : Comparer l'incomparable (Comparing what cannot be compared) What international law has come to describe as genocide has evidently become a privileged form of politics in the 20th century. In this perspective, three questions present themselves-genocide's relationship to the past, its nature, and its future. When compared to all previous massacres, the extermination-form seems to be original, even though it draws on an ancient arsenal of forms of hatred (the case of anti-Semitism). Genocide is state violence taken to the extreme, a violence that defies the logic of war and depredation and is instead preferentially directed against its own populace. In the end, genocide finds its purpose in the prospect of self-purification, which, totally in disregard of the conditions required to form an authentic people, can proceed as far as self-extermination. Genocide's goal can thus no longer be sought in the elimination of the victim, but rather first and foremost in terms of a radical crisis in the construction of identity. If Nazism is the most extreme example, the genocide in Rwanda appears to be the most pure. One might think that industrialized States have passed beyond this stage, because they judge it too costly, but that they have bequeathed it to the entities (not necessarily States) they dominate, whose identities have been gradually shattered under the pressure of decades of colonization, and now of globalization. Ghassan Khatib : Le problème palestinien non résolu ; l'effet "aimant" demeure (The unresolved Palestinoian Problem: the 'magnet' effect) Analysis of the stake that represents Palestinian problem not resolved on the geostrategic chessboard and attempts of illegal securement of the legitimacy of the cause of which it is the object once again after September 11. Giselle Donnard : Les femmes en noir de Jérusalem (The Jerusalem 'Women in Black') " Women in black " of Jerusalem appeared during first Intifada. Every Friday, Place of France in Jerusalem - East their posters " End of occupation » say clearly in English, in Hebrew and in Arabic their refusal of the politics of occupation of territories, which there is no possible peace without the occupied territories are returned and constitute a Palestinian State. As Mothers of the May place which inspired them their tenacity paid; they became symbolic of the nonviolent resistance of the women in a situation of injustice. The other groups of women in black built up themselves, through the world, in Colombia, Italy, Spain, USA... _______________________________________________ Nettime-bold mailing list Nettime-bold@nettime.org http://amsterdam.nettime.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/nettime-bold